# Map Sources Open all sections Close all sections ### Coin Deposits expand\_more **Gaul: hoards 200-300 AD** Based on: Haupt, Peter, 2001, *Römische Münzhorte des 3. Jhs. in Gallien und den germanischen Provinzen, Provinzialrömische Studien*, Grunbach. *DARMC Contributors: Nathaniel Hay, Brendan Maione-Downing* ### Precious Metal Deposits 200-700 AD expand\_more **Equivalent Gold Weight (grams - min. estimate)** Based on: Hobbs, R. 2006. Late Roman precious metal deposits, c. AD 200-700: changes over time and space. Oxford: Archaeopress. *DARMC Contributors: Richard Hobbs, Brendan Maione-Downing, Ricardo Salazar-Rey, Ece Turnator,* **Deposit Date (terminus post quem)** Based on: Hobbs, R. 2006. Late Roman precious metal deposits, c. AD 200-700: changes over time and space. Oxford: Archaeopress. *DARMC Contributors: Richard Hobbs, Brendan Maione-Downing, Ricardo Salazar-Rey, Ece Turnator,* **Weight of Non-coin metals (grams)** Based on: Hobbs, R. 2006. Late Roman precious metal deposits, c. AD 200-700: changes over time and space. Oxford: Archaeopress. *DARMC Contributors: Richard Hobbs, Brendan Maione-Downing, Ricardo Salazar-Rey, Ece Turnator,* ### Carolingian hoards 751-987 AD expand\_more **Hoards deposited 769-814 (tpq)** Based on: Coupland S. 2011, "A Checklist of Carolingian Coin Hoards 751-987," *Numismatic Chronicle*, vol. 171, pp. 203-256, 40 plates. *DARMC Contributors: Simon Coupland, Brendan Maione-Downing* **Hoards deposited 815-840 (tpq)** Based on: Coupland S. 2011, "A Checklist of Carolingian Coin Hoards 751-987," *Numismatic Chronicle*, vol. 171, pp. 203-256, 40 plates. *DARMC Contributors: Simon Coupland, Brendan Maione-Downing* **Hoards deposited 841-900 (tpq)** Based on: Coupland S. 2011, "A Checklist of Carolingian Coin Hoards 751-987," *Numismatic Chronicle*, vol. 171, pp. 203-256, 40 plates. *DARMC Contributors: Simon Coupland, Brendan Maione-Downing* **Hoards deposited after 900 (tpq)** Based on: Coupland S. 2011, "A Checklist of Carolingian Coin Hoards 751-987," *Numismatic Chronicle*, vol. 171, pp. 203-256, 40 plates. *DARMC Contributors: Simon Coupland, Brendan Maione-Downing* **Mints C9-10** Based on: Ditchburn, David and MacLean, Simon (eds.) 2007, Atlas of Medieval Europe, 2nd edn, London and New York, p. 46. *DARMC Contributors: Kelly Gibson* ### Health expand\_more **DARMC Scholarly Data Series 2017-2:** J. Kyle Harper, Michael McCormick, Alexander F. More, Sonja Eliason, "[Summary Geodatabase of Epidemics, 312-749AD](https://drive.google.com/file/d/1D6a37YRvErQ7akkPX4U1VqJ2KUvulubt/view?usp=sharing)." This summary database provides basic geographic and archaeological information on 219 records of epidemics between 312 and 749 AD, obtained from various primary and secondary sources (column V). Please cite the original source when using this data. ### Environment expand\_more **The Central Silva Carbonaria: a first-millennium forest changes** **Silva Carbonaria Settlements** Based on: -- *DARMC Contributors: Etienne Renard, Julia Wang, Kelly Gibson* **Gallo-Roman** **Gallo-Roman Archaeological Features** Based on: -- *DARMC Contributors: Etienne Renard, Julia Wang, Kelly Gibson* **Gallo-Roman Forest Extent** Based on: -- *DARMC Contributors: Etienne Renard, Julia Wang, Kelly Gibson* **Merovingian** **Merovingian Archaeological Features** Based on: -- *DARMC Contributors: Etienne Renard, Julia Wang, Kelly Gibson* **Merovingian Forest Extent** Based on: -- *DARMC Contributors: Etienne Renard, Julia Wang, Kelly Gibson* **850-900** **Archaeological Features 850-900** Based on: -- *DARMC Contributors: Etienne Renard, Julia Wang, Kelly Gibson* **850-900 Forest Extent** Based on: -- *DARMC Contributors: Etienne Renard, Julia Wang, Kelly Gibson* **Roman Climate Historical Evidence** Based on: Michael McCormick, Ulf Büntgen, Mark Cane, Edward Cook, Kyle Harper, Peter Huybers, Thomas Litt, Sturt W. Manning, Paul A. Mayewski, Alexander F. More, Kurt Nicolussi, Willy Tegel 2012. "Climate Change during and after the Roman Empire: Reconstructing the Past from Scientifc and Historical Evidence," Journal of Interdisciplinary History, vol. 43, number 2, pp. 169-220. DOI:10.1162/JINH\_a\_00379 *DARMC Contributors: Michael McCormick, Kyle Harper, Alexander F. More, Kelly Gibson* **Precipitation 1000-1500 AD: historical and scientific evidence** Based on: Ulf Büntgen, Willy Tegel, Kurt Nicolussi, Michael McCormick, David Frank, Valerie Trouet, Jed O. Kaplan, Franz Herzig, Karl-Uwe Heussner, Heinz Wanner, Jürg Luterbacher, and Jan Esper, '2500 Years of European climate variability and human susceptibility', Science, 331 (13 January 2011, 2011), pp. 578-582. *DARMC Contributors: Michael McCormick, Ece Turnator, Rena Lauer, Guoping Huang* **Rats 1-1500 to Archaeology of Rats 1-1500** Based on: See Zotero database for complete references *DARMC Contributors: Brendan Maione-Downing, Michael McCormick, Alexander F. More* **Shipwrecks 1-1500** Based on: See Zotero database for complete references *DARMC Contributors: Anne Marie Creighton, Kelly Gibson, Leland Grigoli, Polina Ivanova, Brendan Maione-Downing, Michael McCormick, Alexander F. More, Matthew Polk. Ece Turnator* **Loci Ammiani** Based on: Ammianus Marcellinus. "Ammianus Marcellinus," John C. Rolfe, trans.; Seyfarth, Wulfgang. "Der Codex Fuldensis und der Codex E des Ammianus Marcellinus: zur Frage der handschriftlichen Überlieferung des Werkes des letzten römischen Geschichtsschreibers." Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, 1962. *DARMC Contributors: Marie Kiel, Ece Turnator* **Loci Einhardi** Based on: "Annales Regni Francorum." Friedirch Kurze, ed. Monumenta historica Germaniae. Scriptores rerum Germanicarum in usum scholarum. Hannover, 1895.; Cholet, Paul François. "Capitulaire de l'abbaye de Saint-Étienne de Baigne (en Saintonge). Paris: L. Clouzot, 1868.; Einhard and Notker the Stammerer. David Ganz, trans. and ed. "Two Lives of Charlemagne." London: Penguin, 2008.; Einhard and Notker the Stammerer. Lewis Thorpe, trans. and ed. "Two Lives of Charlemagne." London: Penguin, 1969.; Einhard. Evelyn Scherabon Firchow and Edwin H. Zeydel, trans. "Vita Karoli Magni: The Life of Charlemagne." Coral Gables: University of Miami Press, 1972.; Einhard. G. Waitz, ed. "Einhardi vita Karolini magni." Scriptores rerum germanicum in usum scholarum ex monumentis Germaniae historicis sepratim editi. Hannoverae et Lipsiae: Impensis bibliopolii haniani, 1911.; Einhard. John F. Collins, ed. "Vita Karoli Magni." Bryn Mawr: Bryn Mawr Collegee, 1984.; Einhard. Louis Halphen, trans. and ed. "Vie de Charlemagne." 3rd ed. Paris: Les Belles Lettres, 1947.; Einhard. Paul Edward Dutton, trans. and ed. "Charlemagne's Courtier: The Complete Einhard." Peterborough, Ontario: Broadview Press, 1998.; Einhard. Samuel Epes Turner, trans. "The Life of Charlemagne." Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press, 1960.; Einhard. Samuel Epes Turner, trans. "The Life of Charlemagne." New York: Harper & Brother, 1880. Internet Medieval Sourcebook. Fordham University. January 1999.; Fouracre, Paul. "Frankish Gaul to 814." In "The New Cambridge Medieval History." Rosamond McKitterick, ed. Vol. 2. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995. 85-109.; McKitterick, Rosamond. "Charlemagne: The Formation of a European Identity." Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008.; Nelson, Janet L. "Kingship and Royal Government." In "The New Cambridge Medieval History." Rosamond McKitterick, ed. Vol. 2. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995. 381-430.; Schmid, Karl, G. Althoff, E. Freise, Dieter Geuenich, F.J. Jakobi, and et al., eds., Die Klostergemeinschaft von Fulda im früheren Mittelalter. Vol. 3 vols. in 5 vols., Münstersche Mittelalter-Schriften (München: W. Fink, 1978); Smith, Julia M.H.. "Fines Imperii: The Marches." In "The New Cambridge Medieval History." Rosamond McKitterick, ed. Vol. 2. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1995. 169-189. *DARMC Contributors: Nathaniel Hay, Brendan Maione-Downing, Ece Turnator* ### Roman Empire Open all sections Close all sections ### Culture and Religion expand\_more **Bath** Based on: Talbert, Richard J. A. (ed.) 2000, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton. *DARMC Contributors: Nathaniel Donoghue, Kelly Gibson, Alexander F. More, Matthew Polk, Shane Bobyricki, Nathaniel Donoghue, Rowan Dorin, Kelly Gibson, Christopher Gilbert, Clare Gillis, Thomas Greene, Jakub J. Kabala, Duncan MacRae, Ricardo Salazar, Rubina Salikuddin, Ece Turnator, Ryan Wilkinson* **Bishoprics ca. 600** Based on: Jedin, Hubert, Latourette, Kenneth Scott, and Martin, Jochen (eds.) 1987, Atlas zur Kirchengeschichte: die christlichen Kirchen in Geschichte und Gegenwart, rev. Jochen Martin, Freiburg, pp. 19-23. *DARMC Contributors: Emma Carron, Kelly Gibson, Brendan Maione-Downing, Matthew Polk, Ece Turnator, Janine Wilkinson* **Cemetery** Based on: Talbert, Richard J. A. (ed.) 2000, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton. *DARMC Contributors: Nathaniel Donoghue, Kelly Gibson, Alexander F. More, Matthew Polk, Shane Bobyricki, Nathaniel Donoghue, Rowan Dorin, Kelly Gibson, Christopher Gilbert, Clare Gillis, Thomas Greene, Jakub J. Kabala, Duncan MacRae, Ricardo Salazar, Rubina Salikuddin, Ece Turnator, Ryan Wilkinson* **Church and Monastery** Based on: Talbert, Richard J. A. (ed.) 2000, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton. *DARMC Contributors: Nathaniel Donoghue, Kelly Gibson, Alexander F. More, Matthew Polk, Shane Bobyricki, Nathaniel Donoghue, Rowan Dorin, Kelly Gibson, Christopher Gilbert, Clare Gillis, Thomas Greene, Jakub J. Kabala, Duncan MacRae, Ricardo Salazar, Rubina Salikuddin, Ece Turnator, Ryan Wilkinson* **Temple** Based on: Talbert, Richard J. A. (ed.) 2000, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton. *DARMC Contributors: Nathaniel Donoghue, Kelly Gibson, Alexander F. More, Matthew Polk, Shane Bobyricki, Nathaniel Donoghue, Rowan Dorin, Kelly Gibson, Christopher Gilbert, Clare Gillis, Thomas Greene, Jakub J. Kabala, Duncan MacRae, Ricardo Salazar, Rubina Salikuddin, Ece Turnator, Ryan Wilkinson* **Tumulus** Based on: Talbert, Richard J. A. (ed.) 2000, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton. *DARMC Contributors: Nathaniel Donoghue, Kelly Gibson, Alexander F. More, Matthew Polk, Shane Bobyricki, Nathaniel Donoghue, Rowan Dorin, Kelly Gibson, Christopher Gilbert, Clare Gillis, Thomas Greene, Jakub J. Kabala, Duncan MacRae, Ricardo Salazar, Rubina Salikuddin, Ece Turnator, Ryan Wilkinson* ### Economy expand\_more **Ancient Ports and Harbors** **Ancient Ports and Harbors (de Graauw)** Based on: de Graauw, A. "Ancient Ports and Harbours, The Catalogue," 4th ed., Port Revel, 2014, pdf. downloadable from A. de Graauw, "Ancient Ports--Ports antiques," website: *DARMC Contributors: Arthur deGraauw, Brendan Maione-Downing* **Ports (Barrington)** Based on: Talbert, Richard J. A. (ed.) 2000, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton. *DARMC Contributors: Nathaniel Donoghue, Kelly Gibson, Alexander F. More, Matthew Polk, Shane Bobyricki, Nathaniel Donoghue, Rowan Dorin, Kelly Gibson, Christopher Gilbert, Clare Gillis, Thomas Greene, Jakub J. Kabala, Duncan MacRae, Ricardo Salazar, Rubina Salikuddin, Ece Turnator, Ryan Wilkinson* **Centuriation** Based on: Talbert, Richard J. A. (ed.) 2000, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton. *DARMC Contributors: Nathaniel Donoghue, Kelly Gibson, Alexander F. More, Matthew Polk, Shane Bobyricki, Nathaniel Donoghue, Rowan Dorin, Kelly Gibson, Christopher Gilbert, Clare Gillis, Thomas Greene, Jakub J. Kabala, Duncan MacRae, Ricardo Salazar, Rubina Salikuddin, Ece Turnator, Ryan Wilkinson* **Estate and Villa** Based on: Talbert, Richard J. A. (ed.) 2000, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton. *DARMC Contributors: Nathaniel Donoghue, Kelly Gibson, Alexander F. More, Matthew Polk, Shane Bobyricki, Nathaniel Donoghue, Rowan Dorin, Kelly Gibson, Christopher Gilbert, Clare Gillis, Thomas Greene, Jakub J. Kabala, Duncan MacRae, Ricardo Salazar, Rubina Salikuddin, Ece Turnator, Ryan Wilkinson* **Market** Based on: Talbert, Richard J. A. (ed.) 2000, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton. *DARMC Contributors: Nathaniel Donoghue, Kelly Gibson, Alexander F. More, Matthew Polk, Shane Bobyricki, Nathaniel Donoghue, Rowan Dorin, Kelly Gibson, Christopher Gilbert, Clare Gillis, Thomas Greene, Jakub J. Kabala, Duncan MacRae, Ricardo Salazar, Rubina Salikuddin, Ece Turnator, Ryan Wilkinson* **Mine and Saltworks** Based on: Talbert, Richard J. A. (ed.) 2000, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton. *DARMC Contributors: Nathaniel Donoghue, Kelly Gibson, Alexander F. More, Matthew Polk, Shane Bobyricki, Nathaniel Donoghue, Rowan Dorin, Kelly Gibson, Christopher Gilbert, Clare Gillis, Thomas Greene, Jakub J. Kabala, Duncan MacRae, Ricardo Salazar, Rubina Salikuddin, Ece Turnator, Ryan Wilkinson* **Production** Based on: Talbert, Richard J. A. (ed.) 2000, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton. *DARMC Contributors: Nathaniel Donoghue, Kelly Gibson, Alexander F. More, Matthew Polk, Shane Bobyricki, Nathaniel Donoghue, Rowan Dorin, Kelly Gibson, Christopher Gilbert, Clare Gillis, Thomas Greene, Jakub J. Kabala, Duncan MacRae, Ricardo Salazar, Rubina Salikuddin, Ece Turnator, Ryan Wilkinson* **Water Wheel** Based on: Talbert, Richard J. A. (ed.) 2000, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton. *DARMC Contributors: Nathaniel Donoghue, Kelly Gibson, Alexander F. More, Matthew Polk, Shane Bobyricki, Nathaniel Donoghue, Rowan Dorin, Kelly Gibson, Christopher Gilbert, Clare Gillis, Thomas Greene, Jakub J. Kabala, Duncan MacRae, Ricardo Salazar, Rubina Salikuddin, Ece Turnator, Ryan Wilkinson* ### Natural Features expand\_more **Oasis** Based on: Talbert, Richard J. A. (ed.) 2000, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton. *DARMC Contributors: Nathaniel Donoghue, Kelly Gibson, Alexander F. More, Matthew Polk, Shane Bobyricki, Nathaniel Donoghue, Rowan Dorin, Kelly Gibson, Christopher Gilbert, Clare Gillis, Thomas Greene, Jakub J. Kabala, Duncan MacRae, Ricardo Salazar, Rubina Salikuddin, Ece Turnator, Ryan Wilkinson* **Reservoir** Based on: Talbert, Richard J. A. (ed.) 2000, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton. *DARMC Contributors: Nathaniel Donoghue, Kelly Gibson, Alexander F. More, Matthew Polk, Shane Bobyricki, Nathaniel Donoghue, Rowan Dorin, Kelly Gibson, Christopher Gilbert, Clare Gillis, Thomas Greene, Jakub J. Kabala, Duncan MacRae, Ricardo Salazar, Rubina Salikuddin, Ece Turnator, Ryan Wilkinson* **Spring** Based on: Talbert, Richard J. A. (ed.) 2000, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton. *DARMC Contributors: Nathaniel Donoghue, Kelly Gibson, Alexander F. More, Matthew Polk, Shane Bobyricki, Nathaniel Donoghue, Rowan Dorin, Kelly Gibson, Christopher Gilbert, Clare Gillis, Thomas Greene, Jakub J. Kabala, Duncan MacRae, Ricardo Salazar, Rubina Salikuddin, Ece Turnator, Ryan Wilkinson* **Whirlpool** Based on: Talbert, Richard J. A. (ed.) 2000, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton. *DARMC Contributors: Nathaniel Donoghue, Kelly Gibson, Alexander F. More, Matthew Polk, Shane Bobyricki, Nathaniel Donoghue, Rowan Dorin, Kelly Gibson, Christopher Gilbert, Clare Gillis, Thomas Greene, Jakub J. Kabala, Duncan MacRae, Ricardo Salazar, Rubina Salikuddin, Ece Turnator, Ryan Wilkinson* ### Military expand\_more **Fort and Tower** Based on: Talbert, Richard J. A. (ed.) 2000, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton. *DARMC Contributors: Nathaniel Donoghue, Kelly Gibson, Alexander F. More, Matthew Polk, Shane Bobyricki, Nathaniel Donoghue, Rowan Dorin, Kelly Gibson, Christopher Gilbert, Clare Gillis, Thomas Greene, Jakub J. Kabala, Duncan MacRae, Ricardo Salazar, Rubina Salikuddin, Ece Turnator, Ryan Wilkinson* **Hillforts NE Gaul** Based on: Brulet, Raymond et al 1995, Forts romains de la route Bavay-Tongres, Louvain-la-Neuve, p. 15. *DARMC Contributors: Chris Blunda, Brendan Maione-Downing* **LR Defensive System N Gaul** Based on: Brulet, Raymond 2008, "Fortifications de hauteur et habitat perché de l'Antiquité tardive au début du Haut Moyen-Age entre Fagne et Eifel," Höhensiedlungen zwischen Antike und Mittelalter vonden Ardennen bis zur Adria, 13-70. *DARMC Contributors: Chris Blunda* **Wall** Based on: Talbert, Richard J. A. (ed.) 2000, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton. *DARMC Contributors: Nathaniel Donoghue, Kelly Gibson, Alexander F. More, Matthew Polk, Shane Bobyricki, Nathaniel Donoghue, Rowan Dorin, Kelly Gibson, Christopher Gilbert, Clare Gillis, Thomas Greene, Jakub J. Kabala, Duncan MacRae, Ricardo Salazar, Rubina Salikuddin, Ece Turnator, Ryan Wilkinson* **Area w/in 2 Days Road March (Infantry) of Roman Forts** Based on: Talbert, Richard J. A. (ed.) 2000, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton. *DARMC Contributors: Brendan Maione-Downing* ### Infrastructure expand\_more **Aqueduct** Based on: Talbert, Richard J. A. (ed.) 2000, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton. *DARMC Contributors: Nathaniel Donoghue, Kelly Gibson, Alexander F. More, Matthew Polk, Shane Bobyricki, Nathaniel Donoghue, Rowan Dorin, Kelly Gibson, Christopher Gilbert, Clare Gillis, Thomas Greene, Jakub J. Kabala, Duncan MacRae, Ricardo Salazar, Rubina Salikuddin, Ece Turnator, Ryan Wilkinson* **Canal** Based on: Talbert, Richard J. A. (ed.) 2000, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton. *DARMC Contributors: Nathaniel Donoghue, Kelly Gibson, Alexander F. More, Matthew Polk, Shane Bobyricki, Nathaniel Donoghue, Rowan Dorin, Kelly Gibson, Christopher Gilbert, Clare Gillis, Thomas Greene, Jakub J. Kabala, Duncan MacRae, Ricardo Salazar, Rubina Salikuddin, Ece Turnator, Ryan Wilkinson* **Dam** Based on: Talbert, Richard J. A. (ed.) 2000, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton. *DARMC Contributors: Nathaniel Donoghue, Kelly Gibson, Alexander F. More, Matthew Polk, Shane Bobyricki, Nathaniel Donoghue, Rowan Dorin, Kelly Gibson, Christopher Gilbert, Clare Gillis, Thomas Greene, Jakub J. Kabala, Duncan MacRae, Ricardo Salazar, Rubina Salikuddin, Ece Turnator, Ryan Wilkinson* **Dike** Based on: Talbert, Richard J. A. (ed.) 2000, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton. *DARMC Contributors: Nathaniel Donoghue, Kelly Gibson, Alexander F. More, Matthew Polk, Shane Bobyricki, Nathaniel Donoghue, Rowan Dorin, Kelly Gibson, Christopher Gilbert, Clare Gillis, Thomas Greene, Jakub J. Kabala, Duncan MacRae, Ricardo Salazar, Rubina Salikuddin, Ece Turnator, Ryan Wilkinson* **Well** Based on: Talbert, Richard J. A. (ed.) 2000, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton. *DARMC Contributors: Nathaniel Donoghue, Kelly Gibson, Alexander F. More, Matthew Polk, Shane Bobyricki, Nathaniel Donoghue, Rowan Dorin, Kelly Gibson, Christopher Gilbert, Clare Gillis, Thomas Greene, Jakub J. Kabala, Duncan MacRae, Ricardo Salazar, Rubina Salikuddin, Ece Turnator, Ryan Wilkinson* **Cities and Settlements** Based on: Talbert, Richard J. A. (ed.) 2000, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton. *DARMC Contributors: Nathaniel Donoghue, Kelly Gibson, Alexander F. More, Matthew Polk, Shane Bobyricki, Nathaniel Donoghue, Rowan Dorin, Kelly Gibson, Christopher Gilbert, Clare Gillis, Thomas Greene, Jakub J. Kabala, Duncan MacRae, Ricardo Salazar, Rubina Salikuddin, Ece Turnator, Ryan Wilkinson* ### Roads and Transportation expand\_more **Bridge** Based on: Talbert, Richard J. A. (ed.) 2000, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton. *DARMC Contributors: Nathaniel Donoghue, Kelly Gibson, Alexander F. More, Matthew Polk, Shane Bobyricki, Nathaniel Donoghue, Rowan Dorin, Kelly Gibson, Christopher Gilbert, Clare Gillis, Thomas Greene, Jakub J. Kabala, Duncan MacRae, Ricardo Salazar, Rubina Salikuddin, Ece Turnator, Ryan Wilkinson* **Lighthouse** Based on: Talbert, Richard J. A. (ed.) 2000, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton. *DARMC Contributors: Nathaniel Donoghue, Kelly Gibson, Alexander F. More, Matthew Polk, Shane Bobyricki, Nathaniel Donoghue, Rowan Dorin, Kelly Gibson, Christopher Gilbert, Clare Gillis, Thomas Greene, Jakub J. Kabala, Duncan MacRae, Ricardo Salazar, Rubina Salikuddin, Ece Turnator, Ryan Wilkinson* **Mountain Pass** Based on: Talbert, Richard J. A. (ed.) 2000, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton. *DARMC Contributors: Nathaniel Donoghue, Kelly Gibson, Alexander F. More, Matthew Polk, Shane Bobyricki, Nathaniel Donoghue, Rowan Dorin, Kelly Gibson, Christopher Gilbert, Clare Gillis, Thomas Greene, Jakub J. Kabala, Duncan MacRae, Ricardo Salazar, Rubina Salikuddin, Ece Turnator, Ryan Wilkinson* **Route and Station** Based on: Talbert, Richard J. A. (ed.) 2000, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton. *DARMC Contributors: Nathaniel Donoghue, Kelly Gibson, Alexander F. More, Matthew Polk, Shane Bobyricki, Nathaniel Donoghue, Rowan Dorin, Kelly Gibson, Christopher Gilbert, Clare Gillis, Thomas Greene, Jakub J. Kabala, Duncan MacRae, Ricardo Salazar, Rubina Salikuddin, Ece Turnator, Ryan Wilkinson* **Roman Roads** Based on: Talbert, Richard J. A. (ed.) 2000, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton.; Bekker-Nielsen, Tonnes (2004), The Roads of Ancient Cyprus, Copenhagen. *DARMC Contributors: Guoping Huang, Jessica Lavash, Brendan Maione-Downing* ### Roman Provinces expand\_more **Provinces (ca. AD117)** Based on: Talbert, Richard J. A. (ed.) 2000, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton. *DARMC Contributors: Matthew Polk* **Provinces (ca. AD 303-324)** Based on: Talbert, Richard J. A. (ed.) 2000, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton. *DARMC Contributors: Matthew Polk* **Provinces (ca. AD500)** Based on: Talbert, Richard J. A. (ed.) 2000, Barrington Atlas of the Greek and Roman World, Princeton. *DARMC Contributors: Matthew Polk* ### Medieval Open all sections Close all sections ### Anglo Saxon Sites expand\_more **Anglo Saxon Occupation** Based on: Helena Hamerow 2012. Rural Settlements and Society in Anglo-Saxon England, Oxford. *DARMC Contributors: Helena Hamerow, Marie Keil* **Pre-Roman Occupation** Based on: Helena Hamerow 2012. Rural Settlements and Society in Anglo-Saxon England, Oxford. *DARMC Contributors: Helena Hamerow, Marie Keil* ### Education expand\_more **Universities C12-C15** Based on: Jedin, Hubert, Latourette, Kenneth Scott, and Martin, Jochen (eds.) 1987, Atlas zur Kirchengeschichte: die christlichen Kirchen in Geschichte und Gegenwart, rev. Jochen Martin, Freiburg, p. 64; Bengtson, Hermann and Milojčić, Vladimir 1995, Grosser historischer Weltatlas, 2, Munich, p. 80. *DARMC Contributors: Darryl Campbell, Matthew Polk* ### Economy expand\_more **Important Fairs 900-1500** Based on: Ditchburn, David and MacLean, Simon (eds.) 2007, Atlas of Medieval Europe, 2nd edn, London and New York, p. 158. *DARMC Contributors: Matthew Polk* **Sites associated with early Hanseatic traders, C12-13** Based on: Bengtson, Hermann and Milojčić, Vladimir 1995, Grosser historischer Weltatlas, 2, Munich, pp. 84-5. *DARMC Contributors: Kelly Gibson* ### Christianity expand\_more **Medieval Monastic Foundations C4-C8** Based on: Meer, Frederik van der. Atlas de l’Ordre cistercien. Amsterdam: Elsevier, 1965. *DARMC Contributors: Leland Grigoli* **Celtic and Anglo Saxon Monasteries** Based on: Jedin, Hubert, Latourette, Kenneth Scott, and Martin, Jochen (eds.) 1987, Atlas zur Kirchengeschichte: die christlichen Kirchen in Geschichte und Gegenwart, rev. Jochen Martin, Freiburg, p. 19 *DARMC Contributors: Darryl Campbell, Matthew Polk* **Cistercian Monasteries** Based on: Bengtson, Hermann, and Vladimir Milojčić, eds. Grosser historischer Weltatlas: Erläuterungen. 4 vols. München: Bayerischer Schulbuch-Verlag, 1996; Cottineau, Dom L.H. Répertoire topo-bibliographique des abbayes et prieurés. 3 vols. Macon: Protat Frères, 1939; Jedin, Hubert, Kenneth Scott Latourette, Hans Quast, and Jochen Martin, eds. Atlas zur Kirchengeschichte: die christlichen Kirchen in Geschichte und Gegenwart. Freiburg: Herder, 1970; Prinz, Friedrich. Frühes Mönchtum im Frankenreich: Kultur und Gesellschaft in Gallien, den Rheinlanden und Bayern am Beispiel der monastischen Entwicklung. München: R. Oldenbourg, 1965. *DARMC Contributors: Leland Grigoli* **Cluniac Houses** Based on: Jedin, Hubert, Latourette, Kenneth Scott, and Martin, Jochen (eds.) 1987, Atlas zur Kirchengeschichte: die christlichen Kirchen in Geschichte und Gegenwart, rev. Jochen Martin, Freiburg, p. 47; Liebrich, I. 1987, “Die Klosterreform von Cluny,” in Atlas zur Kirchengeschichte: die christlichen Kirchen in Geschichte und Gegenwart, rev. Jochen Martin, Freiburg, pp. 35-6. *DARMC Contributors: Kelly Gibson* **Dominican Houses 1216-1500** Based on: Jedin, Hubert, Latourette, Kenneth Scott, and Martin, Jochen (eds.) 1987, Atlas zur Kirchengeschichte: die christlichen Kirchen in Geschichte und Gegenwart, rev. Jochen Martin, Freiburg, p. 59; Bengtson, Hermann and Milojčić, Vladimir 1995, Grosser historischer Weltatlas, 2, Munich, p. 30. *DARMC Contributors: Kelly Gibson, Konstantina Karterouli, Ece Turnator* **Franciscan Houses ca. 1300** Based on: Jedin, Hubert, Latourette, Kenneth Scott, and Martin, Jochen (eds.) 1987, Atlas zur Kirchengeschichte: die christlichen Kirchen in Geschichte und Gegenwart, rev. Jochen Martin, Freiburg, p. 58; Bengtson, Hermann and Milojčić, Vladimir 1995, Grosser historischer Weltatlas, 2, Munich, p. 31. *DARMC Contributors: Kelly Gibson, Eva Helfenstein, Ece Turnator* **Praemonstratensians 1120-1500** Based on: Jedin, Hubert, Latourette, Kenneth Scott, and Martin, Jochen (eds.) 1987, Atlas zur Kirchengeschichte: die christlichen Kirchen in Geschichte und Gegenwart, rev. Jochen Martin, Freiburg, p. 54; Bengtson, Hermann and Milojčić, Vladimir 1995, Grosser historischer Weltatlas, 2, Munich, p. 28. *DARMC Contributors: Kelly Gibson* ### Holy Land, Christian sites, ca. 800 expand\_more **Christian Sites** Based on: McCormick, Michael 2011, Charlemagne's Survey of the Holy Land, Washington DC, p. 239. *DARMC Contributors: Kelly Gibson* **Jerusalem Streets** Based on: McCormick, Michael 2011, Charlemagne's Survey of the Holy Land, Washington DC, p. 238. *DARMC Contributors: Kelly Gibson* **Jerusalem Walls** Based on: McCormick, Michael 2011, Charlemagne's Survey of the Holy Land, Washington DC, p. 238. *DARMC Contributors: Kelly Gibson* **Jerusalem: Main Shrines** Based on: McCormick, Michael 2011, Charlemagne's Survey of the Holy Land, Washington DC, p. 238. *DARMC Contributors: Kelly Gibson* ### Medieval Bishoprics expand\_more **Bishoprics ca. 900** Based on: -- *DARMC Contributors: --* **Bishoprics ca. 1000** Based on: -- *DARMC Contributors: --* **Bishoprics ca. 1200** Based on: -- *DARMC Contributors: --* **Bishoprics ca. 1450** Based on: -- *DARMC Contributors: --* **Moselle Valley ca. 1000** Based on: Parisse, Michel, and Jacqueline Leuridan (eds.) 1994, Atlas de la France de l'an mil: état de nos connaissances, Paris, pp. 49-56. *DARMC Contributors: Matthew Polk* **Peace of God** Based on: Ditchburn, David and MacLean, Simon (eds.) 2007, Atlas of Medieval Europe, 2nd edn, London and New York, p. 82. *DARMC Contributors: Matthew Polk* **Regular Canons ca. 1250** Based on: Jedin, Hubert, Latourette, Kenneth Scott, and Martin, Jochen (eds.) 1987, Atlas zur Kirchengeschichte: die christlichen Kirchen in Geschichte und Gegenwart, rev. Jochen Martin, Freiburg, p. 50. *DARMC Contributors: Kelly Gibson* **Diocese of Salzburg C8-C15** Based on: Jedin, Hubert, Latourette, Kenneth Scott, and Martin, Jochen (eds.) 1987, Atlas zur Kirchengeschichte: die christlichen Kirchen in Geschichte und Gegenwart, rev. Jochen Martin, Freiburg, p. 46. *DARMC Contributors: Matthew Polk* ### France Dioceses ca.1000 expand\_more **Ecclesiastical Province Boundaries** Based on: Parisse, Michel, and Jacqueline Leuridan (eds.) 1994, Atlas de la France de l'an mil: état de nos connaissances, Paris. *DARMC Contributors: Leland Grigoli, Brendan Maione-Downing* **Dioceses** Based on: Parisse, Michel, and Jacqueline Leuridan (eds.) 1994, Atlas de la France de l'an mil: état de nos connaissances, Paris. *DARMC Contributors: Leland Grigoli, Brendan Maione-Downing* ### Crusades 1096-1254 expand\_more **Crusader Cities** Based on: Jedin, Hubert, Latourette, Kenneth Scott, and Martin, Jochen (eds.) 1987, Atlas zur Kirchengeschichte: die christlichen Kirchen in Geschichte und Gegenwart, rev. Jochen Martin, Freiburg, p. 60; Bengtson, Hermann and Milojčić, Vladimir 1995, Grosser historischer Weltatlas, 2, Munich, pp. 32-3. *DARMC Contributors: Matthew Polk* **1st Crusade (1096 - 1099)** Based on: Jedin, Hubert, Latourette, Kenneth Scott, and Martin, Jochen (eds.) 1987, Atlas zur Kirchengeschichte: die christlichen Kirchen in Geschichte und Gegenwart, rev. Jochen Martin, Freiburg, p. 60; Bengtson, Hermann and Milojčić, Vladimir 1995, Grosser historischer Weltatlas, 2, Munich, pp. 32-3. *DARMC Contributors: Matthew Polk* **2nd Crusade (1147 - 1149)** Based on: Jedin, Hubert, Latourette, Kenneth Scott, and Martin, Jochen (eds.) 1987, Atlas zur Kirchengeschichte: die christlichen Kirchen in Geschichte und Gegenwart, rev. Jochen Martin, Freiburg, p. 60; Bengtson, Hermann and Milojčić, Vladimir 1995, Grosser historischer Weltatlas, 2, Munich, pp. 32-3. *DARMC Contributors: Matthew Polk* **3rd Crusade (1189-1192)** Based on: Jedin, Hubert, Latourette, Kenneth Scott, and Martin, Jochen (eds.) 1987, Atlas zur Kirchengeschichte: die christlichen Kirchen in Geschichte und Gegenwart, rev. Jochen Martin, Freiburg, p. 60; Bengtson, Hermann and Milojčić, Vladimir 1995, Grosser historischer Weltatlas, 2, Munich, pp. 32-3. *DARMC Contributors: Matthew Polk* **4th Crusade (1202-1204)** Based on: Jedin, Hubert, Latourette, Kenneth Scott, and Martin, Jochen (eds.) 1987, Atlas zur Kirchengeschichte: die christlichen Kirchen in Geschichte und Gegenwart, rev. Jochen Martin, Freiburg, p. 60; Bengtson, Hermann and Milojčić, Vladimir 1995, Grosser historischer Weltatlas, 2, Munich, pp. 32-3. *DARMC Contributors: Matthew Polk* **5th Crusade (1217-1221)** Based on: Jedin, Hubert, Latourette, Kenneth Scott, and Martin, Jochen (eds.) 1987, Atlas zur Kirchengeschichte: die christlichen Kirchen in Geschichte und Gegenwart, rev. Jochen Martin, Freiburg, p. 60; Bengtson, Hermann and Milojčić, Vladimir 1995, Grosser historischer Weltatlas, 2, Munich, pp. 32-3. *DARMC Contributors: Matthew Polk* **5th Crusade (1228-1229)** Based on: Jedin, Hubert, Latourette, Kenneth Scott, and Martin, Jochen (eds.) 1987, Atlas zur Kirchengeschichte: die christlichen Kirchen in Geschichte und Gegenwart, rev. Jochen Martin, Freiburg, p. 60; Bengtson, Hermann and Milojčić, Vladimir 1995, Grosser historischer Weltatlas, 2, Munich, pp. 32-3. *DARMC Contributors: Matthew Polk* **Crusade of 1101** Based on: Jedin, Hubert, Latourette, Kenneth Scott, and Martin, Jochen (eds.) 1987, Atlas zur Kirchengeschichte: die christlichen Kirchen in Geschichte und Gegenwart, rev. Jochen Martin, Freiburg, p. 60; Bengtson, Hermann and Milojčić, Vladimir 1995, Grosser historischer Weltatlas, 2, Munich, pp. 32-3. *DARMC Contributors: Matthew Polk* **Crusade of Henry VI (1197-1198)** Based on: Jedin, Hubert, Latourette, Kenneth Scott, and Martin, Jochen (eds.) 1987, Atlas zur Kirchengeschichte: die christlichen Kirchen in Geschichte und Gegenwart, rev. Jochen Martin, Freiburg, p. 60; Bengtson, Hermann and Milojčić, Vladimir 1995, Grosser historischer Weltatlas, 2, Munich, pp. 32-3. *DARMC Contributors: Matthew Polk* **Crusade of Louis IX (1248-1254)** Based on: Jedin, Hubert, Latourette, Kenneth Scott, and Martin, Jochen (eds.) 1987, Atlas zur Kirchengeschichte: die christlichen Kirchen in Geschichte und Gegenwart, rev. Jochen Martin, Freiburg, p. 60; Bengtson, Hermann and Milojčić, Vladimir 1995, Grosser historischer Weltatlas, 2, Munich, pp. 32-3. *DARMC Contributors: Matthew Polk* **Crusader States** Based on: Jedin, Hubert, Latourette, Kenneth Scott, and Martin, Jochen (eds.) 1987, Atlas zur Kirchengeschichte: die christlichen Kirchen in Geschichte und Gegenwart, rev. Jochen Martin, Freiburg, p. 60; Bengtson, Hermann and Milojčić, Vladimir 1995, Grosser historischer Weltatlas, 2, Munich, pp. 32-3. *DARMC Contributors: Matthew Polk* ### Kingdoms and Political Boundaries Open all sections Close all sections ### Papal States C8-C13 expand\_more **Early Papal States** Based on: Jedin, Hubert, Latourette, Kenneth Scott, and Martin, Jochen (eds.) 1987, Atlas zur Kirchengeschichte: die christlichen Kirchen in Geschichte und Gegenwart, rev. Jochen Martin, Freiburg, p. 33. *DARMC Contributors: Matthew Polk* **Papal States Innocent III** Based on: Jedin, Hubert, Latourette, Kenneth Scott, and Martin, Jochen (eds.) 1987, Atlas zur Kirchengeschichte: die christlichen Kirchen in Geschichte und Gegenwart, rev. Jochen Martin, Freiburg, p. 33. *DARMC Contributors: Matthew Polk* ### Kingdoms & Towns (ca. AD814) expand\_more **Major Towns (ca. AD814)** Based on: -- *DARMC Contributors: Darryl Campbell, Nathaniel Donoghue, Kelly Gibson, Matthew Polk* **Kingdoms (ca. AD814)** Based on: -- *DARMC Contributors: Darryl Campbell, Nathaniel Donoghue, Kelly Gibson, Matthew Polk* ### Eastern Europe C9-C12 expand\_more **Early Slavic Missions** Based on: Jedin, Hubert, Latourette, Kenneth Scott, and Martin, Jochen (eds.) 1987, Atlas zur Kirchengeschichte: die christlichen Kirchen in Geschichte und Gegenwart, rev. Jochen Martin, Freiburg, pp. 29, 44; Bengtson, Hermann and Milojčić, Vladimir 1995, Grosser historischer Weltatlas, 2, Munich, pp. 19, 36, 61, 90. *DARMC Contributors: Jakub J. Kabala, Matthew Polk* **Bavarian Colonization C9-C12** Based on: Jedin, Hubert, Latourette, Kenneth Scott, and Martin, Jochen (eds.) 1987, Atlas zur Kirchengeschichte: die christlichen Kirchen in Geschichte und Gegenwart, rev. Jochen Martin, Freiburg, pp. 29, 44; Bengtson, Hermann and Milojčić, Vladimir 1995, Grosser historischer Weltatlas, 2, Munich, pp. 19, 36, 61, 90. *DARMC Contributors: Jakub J. Kabala, Matthew Polk* **Great Moravia C9** Based on: Jedin, Hubert, Latourette, Kenneth Scott, and Martin, Jochen (eds.) 1987, Atlas zur Kirchengeschichte: die christlichen Kirchen in Geschichte und Gegenwart, rev. Jochen Martin, Freiburg, pp. 29, 44; Bengtson, Hermann and Milojčić, Vladimir 1995, Grosser historischer Weltatlas, 2, Munich, pp. 19, 36, 61, 90. *DARMC Contributors: Jakub J. Kabala, Matthew Polk* **Early Slavic Missions Lines** Based on: Jedin, Hubert, Latourette, Kenneth Scott, and Martin, Jochen (eds.) 1987, Atlas zur Kirchengeschichte: die christlichen Kirchen in Geschichte und Gegenwart, rev. Jochen Martin, Freiburg, pp. 29, 44; Bengtson, Hermann and Milojčić, Vladimir 1995, Grosser historischer Weltatlas, 2, Munich, pp. 19, 36, 61, 90. *DARMC Contributors: Jakub J. Kabala, Matthew Polk* **Great Moravia C9 Border** Based on: Jedin, Hubert, Latourette, Kenneth Scott, and Martin, Jochen (eds.) 1987, Atlas zur Kirchengeschichte: die christlichen Kirchen in Geschichte und Gegenwart, rev. Jochen Martin, Freiburg, pp. 29, 44; Bengtson, Hermann and Milojčić, Vladimir 1995, Grosser historischer Weltatlas, 2, Munich, pp. 19, 36, 61, 90. *DARMC Contributors: Jakub J. Kabala, Matthew Polk* **Treaty of Verdun (843)** Based on: -- *DARMC Contributors: Johann Ahlfeldt* ### Flanders & Picardy ca. 1000 expand\_more **Flanders & Picardy** Based on: Parisse, Michel, and Jacqueline Leuridan (eds.) 1994, Atlas de la France de l'an mil: état de nos connaissances, Paris, pp. 18-24. *DARMC Contributors: Matthew Polk* **Flanders Castellanies** Based on: Parisse, Michel, and Jacqueline Leuridan (eds.) 1994, Atlas de la France de l'an mil: état de nos connaissances, Paris, pp. 18-24. *DARMC Contributors: Matthew Polk* Notes: Europe Countries represents the countries of Europe. ### England and France C10-C13 expand\_more **Towns** Based on: Bengtson, Hermann and Milojčić, Vladimir 1995, Grosser historischer Weltatlas, 2, Munich, p. 73. *DARMC Contributors: Darryl Campbell, Matthew Polk* **Region** Based on: Bengtson, Hermann and Milojčić, Vladimir 1995, Grosser historischer Weltatlas, 2, Munich, p. 73. *DARMC Contributors: Darryl Campbell, Matthew Polk* ### Reconquest Spain-Iberia C10-C13 expand\_more **Reconquista Towns** Based on: Ditchburn, David and MacLean, Simon (eds.) 2007, Atlas of Medieval Europe, 2nd edn, London and New York, p. 43; Jedin, Hubert, Latourette, Kenneth Scott, and Martin, Jochen (eds.) 1987, Atlas zur Kirchengeschichte: die christlichen Kirchen in Geschichte und Gegenwart, rev. Jochen Martin, Freiburg, p. 60 *DARMC Contributors: Darryl Campbell, Matthew Polk* **Reconquista Progress** Based on: Ditchburn, David and MacLean, Simon (eds.) 2007, Atlas of Medieval Europe, 2nd edn, London and New York, p. 43; Jedin, Hubert, Latourette, Kenneth Scott, and Martin, Jochen (eds.) 1987, Atlas zur Kirchengeschichte: die christlichen Kirchen in Geschichte und Gegenwart, rev. Jochen Martin, Freiburg, p. 60 *DARMC Contributors: Darryl Campbell, Matthew Polk* **Ecclesiastical organization after the Reconquest** Based on: Ditchburn, David and MacLean, Simon (eds.) 2007, Atlas of Medieval Europe, 2nd edn, London and New York, p. 43; Jedin, Hubert, Latourette, Kenneth Scott, and Martin, Jochen (eds.) 1987, Atlas zur Kirchengeschichte: die christlichen Kirchen in Geschichte und Gegenwart, rev. Jochen Martin, Freiburg, p. 60 *DARMC Contributors: Darryl Campbell, Matthew Polk* **German Empire, Royal Fiscal and Family Possessions under the Salian Dynasty (1024-1125)** Based on: Bengtson, Hermann and Milojčić, Vladimir 1995, Grosser historischer Weltatlas, 2, Munich, pp. 22-3, 76. *DARMC Contributors: Jakub J. Kabala* ### Kingdoms & Towns (ca. AD1000) expand\_more **Major Towns (ca. AD1000)** Based on: -- *DARMC Contributors: Darryl Campbell, Nathaniel Donoghue, Kelly Gibson, Matthew Polk* **Kingdoms (ca. AD1000)** Based on: -- *DARMC Contributors: Darryl Campbell, Nathaniel Donoghue, Kelly Gibson, Matthew Polk* **Angevin Empire, Capetian France, & Holy Roman Empire C12** Based on: Ditchburn, David and MacLean, Simon (eds.) 2007, Atlas of Medieval Europe, 2nd edn, London and New York, p. 104. *DARMC Contributors: Darryl Campbell, Matthew Polk* ### Kingdoms & Towns (ca. AD1200) expand\_more **Major Towns (ca. AD1200)** Based on: -- *DARMC Contributors: Darryl Campbell, Nathaniel Donoghue, Kelly Gibson, Matthew Polk* **Kingdoms (ca. AD1200)** Based on: -- *DARMC Contributors: Darryl Campbell, Nathaniel Donoghue, Kelly Gibson, Matthew Polk* **House of Burgundy C14-C15** Based on: Bengtson, Hermann and Milojčić, Vladimir 1995, Grosser historischer Weltatlas, 2, Munich, p. 117. *DARMC Contributors: Kelly Gibson, Matthew Polk* ### Kingdoms & Towns (ca. AD1450) expand\_more **Major Towns (ca. AD1450)** Based on: -- *DARMC Contributors: Darryl Campbell, Nathaniel Donoghue, Kelly Gibson, Matthew Polk* **Kingdoms (ca. AD1450)** Based on: -- *DARMC Contributors: Darryl Campbell, Nathaniel Donoghue, Kelly Gibson, Matthew Polk* ### Historical Basemap: Cassini France C18 expand\_more **Cassini Map** Based on: *DARMC Contributors:*